Atlas Energy SolutionsAESI
13F holders, Q3 2025 (September 30)244holders −14
30new positions
42sold out
5famous investors
$11.37avg. 13F price*
At the end of Q3 2025, 244 institutions reported holding Atlas Energy Solutions Inc. (AESI) in their 13F filings, down 14 from Q2 2025. 30 opened new positions and 42 sold out. The largest holders were BlackRock, Inc. ($142.5M), Vanguard Group Inc. ($88.6M) and Omega Advisors (Leon Cooperman) ($61.0M). 5 famous investors held it, including Leon Cooperman (1.9% of Omega Advisors (Leon Cooperman)'s portfolio), Mario Gabelli (0.0% of GAMCO Investors's portfolio) and Ken Griffin (0.0% of Citadel Advisors's portfolio).
- Company
- Atlas Energy Solutions Inc.
- CUSIP
- 642045108
- Latest filing quarter
- Q2 2026
History
Number of 13F holders
Total Exit/New Position Q2 2025 → Q3 2025
| Institutions | Total Value | |
|---|---|---|
| New Positions | 30 | $14.3M |
| Exits | 42 | $56.7M |
All 13F filers, Q2 2025 → Q3 2025: 9,068,442 shares bought and 12,366,874 shares sold, net −3,298,432 shares. Counts holders who added, trimmed, opened or closed a position; split-adjusted.
Ownership 244 holders
| BlackRock, Inc. | 0.00% | Add +6.5% | 12,536,876 | $142.5M |
| Vanguard Group Inc. | 0.00% | Add +3.3% | 7,793,029 | $88.6M |
| Omega Advisors (Leon Cooperman) | 1.90% | Add +4.0% | 5,366,363 | $61.0M |
| Cooke & Bieler LP | 0.49% | Add +29.0% | 4,153,554 | $47.2M |
| FMR LLC | 0.00% | Add +5.0% | 3,979,581 | $45.2M |
| Barrow Hanley Mewhinney & Strauss LLC | 0.12% | Add +15.6% | 3,324,340 | $37.8M |
| State Street Corp. | 0.00% | Add +5.2% | 3,087,084 | $35.1M |
| Janus Henderson Group PLC | 0.01% | Add +1.0% | 2,670,658 | $30.4M |
| Meridian Wealth Advisors, LLC | 3.95% | Reduce -1.1% | 2,449,151 | $27.8M |
| Villere St Denis J & Co. LLC | 2.49% | Add +10.5% | 2,219,928 | $25.2M |
| Geode Capital Management, LLC | 0.00% | Add +2.1% | 1,803,733 | $20.5M |
| Copeland Capital Management, LLC | 0.40% | Reduce -41.4% | 1,690,616 | $19.2M |
| Dimensional Fund Advisors LP | 0.00% | Reduce -10.4% | 1,646,941 | $18.7M |
| Pine Ridge Advisers LLC | 1.16% | Add +23.2% | 1,494,071 | $17.0M |
| Evergreen Capital Management LLC | 0.37% | Add +4.9% | 1,382,120 | $15.7M |
| Cetera Investment Advisers | 0.02% | Add +52.1% | 1,374,173 | $15.6M |
| Liontrust Investment Partners LLP | 0.22% | Add +22.1% | 1,312,507 | $14.9M |
| Nuveen, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -14.7% | 1,291,940 | $14.7M |
| Ameriprise Financial Inc. | 0.00% | Add +40.0% | 1,161,044 | $13.2M |
| Frontier Capital Management Co. LLC | 0.12% | Add +4.1% | 1,137,090 | $12.9M |
| Morgan Stanley | 0.00% | Add +13.8% | 1,104,347 | $12.6M |
| Venturi Wealth Management, LLC | 0.57% | No change | 1,086,254 | $12.4M |
| Victory Capital Management Inc. | 0.01% | Reduce -11.4% | 1,078,706 | $12.3M |
| Northern Trust Corp. | 0.00% | Reduce -4.7% | 1,000,623 | $11.4M |
| UBS Group AG | 0.00% | Reduce -24.1% | 906,125 | $10.3M |
| Bank of New York Mellon Corp | 0.00% | Add +1.0% | 904,188 | $10.3M |
| Kennedy Capital Management LLC | 0.23% | Reduce -4.5% | 900,862 | $10.2M |
| Adage Capital Partners Gp, L.L.C. | 0.02% | Add +72.4% | 880,912 | $10.0M |
| B & T Capital Management DBA Alpha Capital Management | 1.31% | Add +73.0% | 725,913 | $8.3M |
| Charles Schwab Investment Management Inc. | 0.00% | Add +7.6% | 721,423 | $8.2M |
| Invesco Ltd. | 0.00% | Add +9.2% | 717,054 | $8.2M |
| Goldman Sachs Group Inc. | 0.00% | Add +7.2% | 695,823 | $7.9M |
| Ashford Capital Management Inc. | 0.84% | Reduce -40.3% | 665,135 | $7.6M |
| Kettle Hill Capital Management, LLC | 1.69% | Add +61.4% | 660,843 | $7.5M |
| Squarepoint Ops LLC | 0.02% | Add +132.4% | 653,204 | $7.4M |
| Franklin Resources Inc. | 0.00% | New | 594,114 | $6.8M |
| MetLife Investment Management, LLC | 0.03% | Reduce -0.1% | 550,401 | $6.3M |
| Silvercrest Asset Management Group LLC | 0.04% | Reduce -2.4% | 495,126 | $5.6M |
| Clearbridge Investments, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -79.1% | 475,816 | $5.4M |
| American Century Companies Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -8.6% | 439,359 | $5.0M |
| Principal Financial Group Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -19.4% | 371,070 | $4.2M |
| Susquehanna International Group, LLP | 0.01% | Reduce -44.2% | 339,474 | $3.9M |
| Quantinno Capital Management LP | 0.01% | Reduce -1.3% | 319,275 | $3.6M |
| SIR Capital Management, L.P. | 0.32% | Reduce -39.6% | 310,841 | $3.5M |
| Public Sector Pension Investment Board | 0.01% | Add +20.3% | 299,217 | $3.4M |
| Sei Investments Co. | 0.00% | Reduce -9.9% | 286,953 | $3.3M |
| Envestnet Asset Management Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -24.9% | 278,623 | $3.2M |
| Lazard Asset Management LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -17.0% | 267,602 | $3.0M |
| Jump Financial, LLC | 0.04% | Add +1552.2% | 264,166 | $3.0M |
| Cullinan Associates Inc. | 0.19% | No change | 252,000 | $2.9M |
| Advisors Asset Management, Inc. | 0.05% | Add +169.6% | 236,395 | $2.7M |
| Boston Partners | 0.00% | Add +394.6% | 231,844 | $2.6M |
| Stifel Financial Corp. | 0.00% | Reduce -4.8% | 230,672 | $2.6M |
| Bank of America Corp. | 0.00% | Reduce -42.5% | 227,471 | $2.6M |
| Russell Investments Group, Ltd. | 0.00% | Add +107.9% | 224,523 | $2.6M |
| Royal Bank of Canada | 0.00% | Add +22.6% | 217,969 | $2.5M |
| Rhumbline Advisers | 0.00% | Reduce -0.6% | 214,791 | $2.4M |
| Corient Private Wealth LP | 0.00% | Add +115.9% | 202,198 | $2.3M |
| Citadel Advisors | 0.00% | Reduce -76.4% | 198,403 | $2.3M |
| SummitTX Capital, L.P. | 0.09% | Add +352.4% | 188,151 | $2.1M |
| Legal & General Group Plc | 0.00% | Add +0.4% | 181,004 | $2.1M |
| Pathstone Holdings, LLC | 0.01% | Add +16.6% | 178,538 | $2.0M |
| Gabelli Funds LLC | 0.01% | No change | 173,926 | $2.0M |
| IMC-Chicago, LLC | 0.03% | Reduce -13.3% | 155,579 | $1.8M |
| AlphaQuest LLC | 0.11% | Add +520.9% | 151,979 | $1.7M |
| Dark Forest Capital Management LP | 0.06% | New | 148,430 | $1.7M |
| CenterBook Partners LP | 0.08% | Reduce -84.2% | 145,931 | $1.7M |
| Cumberland Partners Ltd | 0.11% | No change | 144,900 | $1.6M |
| Americana Partners, LLC | 0.05% | No change | 136,765 | $1.6M |
| Palogic Value Management, L.P. | 0.62% | No change | 126,300 | $1.4M |
| Ieq Capital, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -15.2% | 126,175 | $1.4M |
| Corient IA LP | 0.98% | New | 115,000 | $1.3M |
| Barclays PLC | 0.00% | Reduce -25.6% | 109,330 | $1.2M |
| Beck Capital Management, LLC | 0.28% | Reduce -0.8% | 106,191 | $1.2M |
| Chatham Capital Group, Inc. | 0.17% | Reduce -1.1% | 102,809 | $1.2M |
| Balyasny Asset Management L.P. | 0.00% | Reduce -46.7% | 99,566 | $1.1M |
| Aquatic Capital Management LLC | 0.02% | New | 99,286 | $1.1M |
| Ilex Capital Partners (UK) LLP | 0.04% | Add +38.1% | 97,125 | $1.1M |
| Wealth Enhancement Advisory Services, LLC | 0.00% | Add +16.7% | 95,736 | $1.1M |
| Swiss National Bank | 0.00% | No change | 94,400 | $1.1M |
| Austin Asset Management Co Inc | 0.19% | No change | 90,000 | $1.0M |
| Orvieto Partners, L.P. | 0.77% | Add +33.3% | 80,000 | $910K |
| Jane Street Group, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -57.1% | 75,806 | $862K |
| Prudential Financial Inc. | 0.00% | Add +0.1% | 74,630 | $849K |
| Alliancebernstein L.P. | 0.00% | Add +2.1% | 72,580 | $825K |
| Orchard Capital Management, LLC | 1.09% | Add +3.3% | 72,392 | $823K |
| Quantbot Technologies LP | 0.02% | Reduce -51.0% | 71,206 | $810K |
| JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 0.00% | Reduce -56.9% | 70,762 | $805K |
| Occudo Quantitative Strategies LP | 0.10% | New | 70,401 | $800K |
| Comerica Bank | 0.00% | Add +2.2% | 70,197 | $798K |
| T. Rowe Price Associates Inc. | 0.00% | Add +22.5% | 65,840 | $749K |
| Kestra Investment Management, LLC | 0.02% | Add +117.6% | 61,293 | $697K |
| SG Americas Securities, LLC | 0.00% | Add +47.6% | 61,149 | $695K |
| Caption Management, LLC | 0.04% | No change | 58,000 | $659K |
| Deutsche Bank AG | 0.00% | Add +10.8% | 57,375 | $652K |
| HRT Financial LP | 0.00% | New | 56,208 | $639K |
| Outfitters Financial LLC | 0.51% | Add +7.2% | 55,990 | $637K |
| First Trust Advisors LP | 0.00% | Reduce -40.4% | 55,977 | $636K |
| Thrivent Financial for Lutherans | 0.00% | Add +3.2% | 55,347 | $629K |
| Wells Fargo & Company | 0.00% | Add +19.1% | 54,364 | $618K |
| Verition Fund Management LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -63.6% | 52,951 | $602K |
| Group One Trading LLC | 0.02% | Add +26.6% | 51,747 | $588K |
| New York State Teachers Retirement System | 0.00% | Add +245.8% | 48,961 | $557K |
| Millennium Management | 0.00% | Add +10.4% | 48,491 | $551K |
| California State Teachers Retirement System | 0.00% | Reduce -26.8% | 46,898 | $533K |
| Indie Asset Partners, LLC | 0.66% | Add +0.8% | 43,580 | $496K |
| DAVENPORT & Co LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -20.6% | 43,500 | $495K |
| Illinois Municipal Retirement Fund | 0.01% | Add +28.4% | 42,430 | $482K |
| UBS AM, a distinct business unit of UBS ASSET MANAGEMENT AMERICAS LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -51.0% | 41,729 | $474K |
| Guggenheim Capital LLC | 0.00% | Add +46.6% | 41,608 | $473K |
| Manufacturers Life Insurance Company, The | 0.00% | Reduce -3.5% | 39,204 | $446K |
| State of Alaska, Department of Revenue | 0.00% | Reduce -11.1% | 38,602 | $438K |
| Intech Investment Management LLC | 0.00% | Add +12.1% | 38,118 | $433K |
| LPL Financial LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -18.8% | 37,704 | $429K |
| Shay Capital LLC | 0.08% | New | 37,000 | $421K |
| MIRAE ASSET GLOBAL ETFS HOLDINGS Ltd. | 0.00% | Reduce -14.8% | 36,466 | $415K |
| Belpointe Asset Management LLC | 0.02% | Add +3.5% | 36,262 | $412K |
| Louisiana State Employees Retirement System | 0.01% | Add +3.5% | 35,300 | $401K |
| Gsa Capital Partners LLP | 0.03% | New | 33,397 | $380K |
| Greenleaf Trust | 0.00% | Reduce -1.1% | 29,137 | $331K |
| Citigroup Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -61.5% | 28,017 | $319K |
| Tactive Advisors, LLC | 0.09% | Add +76.1% | 27,973 | $318K |
| SCS Capital Management LLC | 0.00% | No change | 26,164 | $297K |
| Mariner, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -49.6% | 26,024 | $296K |
| 49 Wealth Management, LLC | 0.03% | Add +92.8% | 25,252 | $287K |
| GAMCO Investors | 0.00% | Reduce -1.3% | 24,968 | $284K |
| Central Pacific Bank - Trust Division | 0.03% | Add +22.0% | 23,743 | $270K |
| Tidal Investments LLC | 0.00% | Add +33.7% | 23,344 | $265K |
| Yousif Capital Management, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -12.9% | 23,331 | $265K |
| New York State Common Retirement Fund | 0.00% | No change | 22,850 | $260K |
| Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB | 0.01% | Add +47.6% | 22,680 | $258K |
| Citizens Financial Group Inc. | 0.00% | New | 22,604 | $257K |
| Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Group, Inc. | 0.00% | No change | 22,469 | $255K |
| Amalgamated Bank | 0.00% | Add +3.5% | 21,536 | $245K |
| Police & Firemen's Retirement System of New Jersey | 0.00% | Add +33.0% | 21,405 | $243K |
| Profund Advisors LLC | 0.01% | Add +33.8% | 21,138 | $240K |
| DRW Securities, LLC | 0.01% | Reduce -37.5% | 20,614 | $234K |
| Teachers Retirement System of the State of Kentucky | 0.00% | Reduce -9.3% | 20,355 | $231K |
| Steadtrust LLC | 0.15% | New | 20,000 | $227K |
| Snowden Capital Advisors LLC | 0.01% | Reduce -2.2% | 19,970 | $227K |
| Raymond James Financial Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -86.6% | 19,654 | $223K |
| Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Public School Empls Retrmt SYS | 0.00% | Add +4.3% | 19,538 | $222K |
| Schonfeld Strategic Advisors LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -6.1% | 19,441 | $221K |
| OneDigital Investment Advisors LLC | 0.00% | Add +0.1% | 19,255 | $219K |
| Wolverine Trading, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -49.1% | 18,419 | $217K |
| Avondale Wealth Management | 0.12% | Add +137.5% | 19,000 | $216K |
| Walleye Capital LLC | 0.00% | Add +1446.1% | 18,615 | $212K |
| BNP Paribas Financial Markets | 0.00% | Add +136.2% | 18,479 | $210K |
| Neuberger Berman Group LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -3.4% | 18,313 | $208K |
| Brevan Howard Capital Management LP | 0.00% | Reduce -88.9% | 18,083 | $206K |
| Global Retirement Partners, LLC | 0.00% | Add +421.0% | 17,939 | $204K |
| Oregon Public Employees Retirement Fund | 0.00% | Add +3.6% | 17,300 | $197K |
| PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. | 0.00% | Add +30.0% | 16,991 | $193K |
| Bessemer Group Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -1.2% | 16,456 | $187K |
| Zurcher Kantonalbank (Zurich Cantonalbank) | 0.00% | Add +34.1% | 15,731 | $179K |
| Argentarii, LLC | 0.07% | New | 15,623 | $178K |
| AQR Capital Management | 0.00% | Reduce -32.2% | 15,403 | $175K |
| Captrust Financial Advisors | 0.00% | Add +15.7% | 15,374 | $175K |
| State of Tennessee, Department of Treasury | 0.00% | No change | 14,909 | $170K |
| Lyell Wealth Management, LP | 0.01% | No change | 14,766 | $168K |
| Arizona State Retirement System | 0.00% | Add +1.4% | 14,634 | $166K |
| ProShare Advisors LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -15.3% | 14,612 | $166K |
| Voya Investment Management LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -31.6% | 14,186 | $161K |
| Creative Planning | 0.00% | Add +15.8% | 13,883 | $158K |
| iSAM Funds (UK) Ltd | 0.03% | Reduce -73.3% | 13,035 | $148K |
| Universal- Beteiligungs- und Servicegesellschaft mbH | 0.00% | Reduce -73.7% | 12,993 | $148K |
| Commonwealth Equity Services, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -4.0% | 12,509 | $142K |
| Hantz Financial Services, Inc. | 0.00% | Add +2052.5% | 12,269 | $139K |
| Osaic Holdings, Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -4.4% | 11,368 | $133K |
| DekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale | 0.00% | No change | 5,297 | $131K |
| Nwam LLC | 0.01% | New | 11,916 | $128K |
| GatePass Capital, LLC | 0.07% | Reduce -74.0% | 11,200 | $127K |
| Integrated Wealth Concepts LLC | 0.00% | Add +0.6% | 11,177 | $127K |
| Graham Capital Management, L.P. | 0.01% | New | 11,094 | $126K |
| Sanctuary Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | New | 11,075 | $126K |
| Maryland State Retirement & Pension System | 0.00% | Reduce -48.5% | 11,029 | $125K |
| M&T Bank Corp | 0.00% | Reduce -0.6% | 10,838 | $124K |
| Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. | 0.00% | Add +4.4% | 10,258 | $117K |
| KLP Kapitalforvaltning As | 0.00% | No change | 9,900 | $113K |
| Tower Research Capital LLC (TRC) | 0.00% | Add +5.9% | 9,481 | $108K |
| Ameritas Investment Partners, Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -13.8% | 6,487 | $74K |
| Simplex Trading, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -92.3% | 4,829 | $54K |
| Arax Advisory Partners | 0.00% | Reduce -2.1% | 3,161 | $36K |
| Summit Securities Group LLC | 0.01% | Reduce -25.6% | 2,829 | $32K |
| Centerpoint Advisors, LLC | 0.01% | Add +270.6% | 2,850 | $32K |
| Promus Capital, LLC | 0.02% | No change | 2,458 | $28K |
| Quarry LP | 0.01% | New | 2,286 | $26K |
| Walleye Trading LLC | 0.00% | New | 2,100 | $24K |
| Huntington National Bank | 0.00% | New | 2,073 | $24K |
| Cwm, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -23.7% | 1,705 | $19K |
| Sterling Capital Management LLC | 0.00% | Add +126.8% | 1,649 | $19K |
| SBI Securities Co., Ltd. | 0.00% | Reduce -8.2% | 1,606 | $18K |
| Fifth Third Bancorp | 0.00% | Reduce -19.6% | 1,591 | $18K |
| Tsfg, LLC | 0.00% | No change | 1,525 | $17K |
| GAMMA Investing LLC | 0.00% | Add +15.0% | 1,444 | $16K |
| EverSource Wealth Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -30.1% | 1,288 | $15K |
| CBIZ Investment Advisory Services, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -1.4% | 1,174 | $13K |
| Nisa Investment Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -61.8% | 1,020 | $12K |
| Future Financial Wealth Managment LLC | 0.01% | Reduce -33.3% | 1,000 | $11K |
| Jones Financial Companies LLLP | 0.00% | Add +1666.7% | 901 | $11K |
| Versant Capital Management, Inc | 0.00% | Reduce -21.9% | 925 | $11K |
| Advisory Services Network, LLC | 0.00% | New | 867 | $10K |
| Harbor Investment Advisory, LLC | 0.00% | Add +70.0% | 850 | $10K |
| Harbor Capital Advisors, Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -98.9% | 822 | $9K |
| US Bancorp \de | 0.00% | Add +166.0% | 782 | $9K |
| Rockefeller Capital Management L.P. | 0.00% | New | 777 | $9K |
| Binnacle Investments Inc | 0.00% | No change | 732 | $8K |
| Larson Financial Group LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -91.3% | 702 | $8K |
| Smartleaf Asset Management LLC | 0.00% | New | 632 | $7K |
| BNP PARIBAS ASSET MANAGEMENT Holding S.A. | 0.00% | Add +13.0% | 617 | $7K |
| Principal Securities, Inc. | 0.00% | Reduce -27.6% | 462 | $5K |
| Farther Finance Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | New | 439 | $5K |
| Signaturefd, LLC | 0.00% | Add +280.4% | 426 | $5K |
| HHM Wealth Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | No change | 400 | $5K |
| Optiver Holding B.V. | 0.00% | Add +27.8% | 395 | $4K |
| Private Trust Co. NA | 0.00% | No change | 378 | $4K |
| Root Financial Partners, LLC | 0.00% | New | 360 | $4K |
| City State Bank | 0.00% | No change | 300 | $3K |
| Lanark Financial, Inc. | 0.00% | No change | 250 | $3K |
| Salomon & Ludwin, LLC | 0.00% | New | 242 | $3K |
| Wealthspire Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | New | 222 | $3K |
| UMB Bank, n.a. | 0.00% | Reduce -21.1% | 213 | $2K |
| First Horizon Corp. | 0.00% | — | 209 | $2K |
| NewEdge Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | New | 200 | $2K |
| High Note Wealth, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -65.9% | 179 | $2K |
| DHJJ Financial Advisors, Ltd. | 0.00% | New | 147 | $2K |
| WPG Advisers, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -71.2% | 135 | $2K |
| Medallion Wealth Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | No change | 111 | $1K |
| Prestige Wealth Management Group LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -34.7% | 109 | $1K |
| Cedar Mountain Advisors, LLC | 0.00% | New | 104 | $1K |
| Steward Partners Investment Advisory, LLC | 0.00% | No change | 99 | $1K |
| Allworth Financial LP | 0.00% | Reduce -72.9% | 76 | $860 |
| CENTRAL TRUST Co | 0.00% | New | 72 | $819 |
| Clearstead Trust, LLC | 0.00% | No change | 68 | $774 |
| Rothschild Investment LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -18.8% | 65 | $739 |
| Farmers & Merchants Investments Inc. | 0.00% | No change | 35 | $398 |
| Rossby Financial, LCC | 0.00% | No change | 24 | $272 |
| Quest 10 Wealth Builders, Inc. | 0.00% | New | 15 | $171 |
| True Wealth Design, LLC | 0.00% | Reduce -71.4% | 8 | $91 |
| Harbour Investments, Inc. | 0.00% | No change | 3 | $36 |
| Caitong International Asset Management Co., Ltd | 0.00% | Reduce -99.9% | 3 | $34 |
| IFP Advisors, Inc | 0.00% | Reduce -81.8% | 2 | $23 |
| Essential Partners LLC | 0.00% | New | 2 | $23 |
| Covestor Ltd | 0.00% | No change | 10 | $0 |
"% of holder's portfolio" is AESI's weight in each manager's 13F, not the share of Atlas Energy Solutions Inc. the manager owns.