Axsome TherapeuticsAXSM

13F holders, Q4 2024 (December 31)
292holders +12
50new positions
37sold out
5famous investors
$84.60avg. 13F price*

At the end of Q4 2024, 292 institutions reported holding Axsome Therapeutics Inc. (AXSM) in their 13F filings, up 12 from Q3 2024. 50 opened new positions and 37 sold out. The largest holders were RTW Investments, LP ($342.8M), Vanguard Group Inc. ($330.2M) and BlackRock, Inc. ($299.0M). 5 famous investors held it, including Steve Cohen (0.0% of Point72 Asset Management's portfolio), Ken Griffin (0.0% of Citadel Advisors's portfolio) and Cliff Asness (0.0% of AQR Capital Management's portfolio).

Company
Axsome Therapeutics Inc.
CUSIP
05464T104
Latest filing quarter
Q2 2026

History

Number of 13F holders

0200400600 Q1 2024: 259Q1 2024Q2 2024: 257Q2 2024Q3 2024: 280Q3 2024Q4 2024: 292Q4 2024Q1 2025: 353Q1 2025Q2 2025: 348Q2 2025Q3 2025: 355Q3 2025Q4 2025: 399Q4 2025Q1 2026: 410Q1 2026Q2 2026: 505Q2 2026

Total Exit/New Position Q3 2024 → Q4 2024

InstitutionsTotal Value
New Positions50$95.8M
Exits37$150.9M

All 13F filers, Q3 2024 → Q4 2024: 4,497,423 shares bought and 5,870,220 shares sold, net −1,372,797 shares. Counts holders who added, trimmed, opened or closed a position; split-adjusted.

Ownership 292 holders

RTW Investments, LP 5.18% Reduce -3.3% 4,051,365 $342.8M
Vanguard Group Inc. 0.01% Reduce -2.3% 3,902,479 $330.2M
BlackRock, Inc. 0.01% Add +4.0% 3,533,394 $299.0M
Fairmount Funds Management LLC 12.36% Reduce -37.8% 1,468,983 $124.3M
BVF Inc. 3.98% Add +32.7% 1,388,064 $117.4M
FMR LLC 0.01% Reduce -8.1% 1,000,446 $84.6M
Ra Capital Management, L.P. 1.13% No change 1,000,000 $84.6M
Macquarie Group Ltd. 0.10% Reduce -3.1% 964,047 $81.6M
State Street Corp. 0.00% Add +3.3% 947,251 $80.1M
Geode Capital Management, LLC 0.01% Add +0.5% 912,538 $77.2M
Eventide Asset Management, LLC 1.28% Add +0.1% 828,711 $70.1M
Alethea Capital Management, LLC 53.19% Reduce -0.6% 734,317 $62.1M
Invesco Ltd. 0.01% Add +10.8% 692,464 $58.6M
Wellington Management Group LLP 0.01% Reduce -9.4% 673,157 $57.0M
Perceptive Advisors LLC 1.57% Reduce -15.2% 664,074 $56.2M
Hood River Capital Management LLC 0.81% Add +3.1% 644,785 $54.6M
Morgan Stanley 0.00% Add +40.6% 576,858 $48.8M
Lazard Asset Management LLC 0.07% Add +525.7% 537,669 $45.5M
Citadel Advisors 0.04% Add +62.6% 495,389 $41.9M
Sofinnova Investments, Inc. 3.05% Add +29.6% 491,726 $41.6M
Boxer Capital Management, LLC 3.39% — 470,000 $39.8M
PFM Health Sciences, LP 3.09% No change 467,427 $39.5M
Woodline Partners LP 0.23% Add +36.8% 408,441 $34.6M
Norges Bank 0.00% Add +3.0% 403,026 $34.1M
Northern Trust Corp. 0.00% Add +21.0% 402,500 $34.1M
Charles Schwab Investment Management Inc. 0.01% Add +1.7% 328,034 $27.8M
Cormorant Asset Management, LP 1.51% Reduce -18.8% 325,000 $27.5M
Loomis Sayles & Co. L P 0.03% Reduce -2.8% 290,111 $24.5M
Tri Locum Partners LP 4.38% Add +172.3% 249,769 $21.1M
Nuveen Asset Management, LLC 0.01% Add +118.1% 221,202 $18.7M
Goldman Sachs Group Inc. 0.00% Reduce -40.0% 217,567 $18.4M
Principal Financial Group Inc. 0.01% Add +6002.7% 207,065 $17.5M
Bank of America Corp. 0.00% Reduce -71.9% 204,587 $17.3M
JPMorgan Chase & Co. 0.00% Reduce -4.8% 201,902 $17.1M
First Turn Management, LLC 2.91% Reduce -24.7% 192,146 $16.3M
Avidity Partners Management LP 1.59% Reduce -36.5% 188,000 $15.9M
BNP Paribas Financial Markets 0.01% Add +1251.9% 185,661 $15.7M
Point72 Asset Management 0.04% Reduce -65.9% 185,138 $15.7M
Franklin Resources Inc. 0.00% Add +13.6% 182,290 $15.4M
Balyasny Asset Management L.P. 0.04% Add +191.5% 181,213 $15.3M
Checkpoint Capital L.P. 7.53% Reduce -16.6% 174,769 $14.8M
Raymond James Financial Inc. 0.01% — 174,586 $14.8M
Man Group plc 0.04% New 163,388 $13.8M
Qube Research & Technologies Ltd 0.02% Add +413.4% 155,911 $13.2M
UBS Group AG 0.00% Add +208.5% 147,347 $12.5M
HSBC Holdings PLC 0.01% Reduce -0.2% 136,785 $11.6M
Bank of New York Mellon Corp 0.00% Reduce -1.4% 134,550 $11.4M
US Bancorp \de 0.01% Reduce -1.6% 131,019 $11.1M
Marshall Wace, LLP 0.01% New 127,097 $10.8M
Iridian Asset Management LLC 2.82% Reduce -1.4% 125,079 $10.6M
Rhenman & Partners Asset Management AB 1.07% No change 122,600 $10.4M
Deutsche Bank AG 0.00% Add +37.4% 120,547 $10.2M
Bellevue Group AG 0.19% Reduce -67.6% 118,930 $10.1M
Cubist Systematic Strategies, LLC 0.16% New 116,937 $9.9M
Caption Management, LLC 0.40% Add +1056.9% 115,686 $9.8M
Clearbridge Investments, LLC 0.01% Reduce -1.0% 113,077 $9.6M
WCM Investment Management, LLC 0.02% Reduce -1.5% 111,996 $9.5M
Voya Investment Management LLC 0.01% Add +8.7% 102,742 $8.7M
Barclays PLC 0.00% Add +58.6% 97,988 $8.3M
Granite Investment Partners, LLC 0.34% New 91,649 $7.8M
Squarepoint Ops LLC 0.02% New 89,430 $7.6M
Peregrine Capital Management LLC 0.22% Add +21.2% 87,187 $7.4M
Cannell & Spears LLC 0.14% No change 82,087 $6.9M
Jane Street Group, LLC 0.01% Reduce -39.7% 78,449 $6.6M
Affinity Asset Advisors, LLC 1.08% Reduce -6.3% 75,000 $6.3M
DNB Asset Management AS 0.03% Add +1100.7% 73,770 $6.2M
Connor, Clark & Lunn Investment Management Ltd. 0.03% New 73,497 $6.2M
Aberdeen Group plc 0.01% Add +553.3% 72,179 $6.1M
IFP Advisors, Inc 0.19% Add +36.2% 67,839 $5.7M
Ally Bridge Group (NY) LLC 4.84% New 66,661 $5.6M
Privium Fund Management B.V. 1.21% Reduce -22.4% 62,232 $5.3M
Lindbrook Capital, LLC 0.47% Reduce -4.0% 62,144 $5.3M
Swiss National Bank 0.00% Add +1.5% 61,400 $5.2M
Adage Capital Partners Gp, L.L.C. 0.01% Reduce -88.6% 60,000 $5.1M
Hennion & Walsh Asset Management, Inc. 0.22% Reduce -0.5% 57,836 $4.9M
UBS AM, a distinct business unit of UBS ASSET MANAGEMENT AMERICAS LLC 0.00% Add +20.8% 57,642 $4.9M
First Trust Advisors LP 0.00% Add +26.7% 54,580 $4.6M
Blair William & Co. 0.01% Reduce -1.4% 54,382 $4.6M
Frontier Capital Management Co. LLC 0.04% Reduce -56.2% 52,768 $4.5M
Rhumbline Advisers 0.00% Reduce -0.3% 51,245 $4.3M
MPM Bioimpact LLC 0.60% New 50,000 $4.2M
Baldwin Wealth Partners LLC 0.29% Reduce -0.3% 49,570 $4.2M
Sei Investments Co. 0.01% Reduce -0.3% 48,230 $4.1M
Alliancebernstein L.P. 0.00% Reduce -62.7% 46,590 $3.9M
Moody Aldrich Partners LLC 0.71% Reduce -25.6% 45,138 $3.8M
Group One Trading LLC 0.13% Reduce -12.6% 43,820 $3.7M
Citigroup Inc. 0.00% Add +20.6% 42,961 $3.6M
Point72 Europe (London) LLP 0.20% Add +20.7% 41,734 $3.5M
Tetragon Partners GP Ltd 1.49% New 41,250 $3.5M
Jefferies Financial Group Inc. 0.04% New 40,700 $3.4M
J. Goldman & Co LP 0.12% Add +387.1% 40,323 $3.4M
Wells Fargo & Company 0.00% Reduce -0.6% 39,736 $3.4M
Mutual of America Capital Management LLC 0.04% Reduce -0.1% 39,487 $3.3M
Alps Advisors Inc. 0.02% New 39,190 $3.3M
Brevan Howard Capital Management LP 0.08% Add +169.9% 38,748 $3.3M
AQR Capital Management 0.00% Add +40.7% 38,211 $3.2M
Kennedy Capital Management LLC 0.07% Add +95.3% 37,941 $3.2M
Royce & Associates LP 0.03% Add +64.4% 37,000 $3.1M
Legal & General Group Plc 0.00% Add +6.2% 36,370 $3.1M
Envestnet Asset Management Inc. 0.00% Add +74.9% 35,129 $3.0M
Pinegrove Venture Partners, LLC 4.12% No change 33,849 $2.9M
Nationale-Nederlanden Powszechne Towarzystwo Emerytalne S.A. 0.35% New 33,719 $2.9M
T. Rowe Price Associates Inc. 0.00% Add +12.1% 31,228 $2.6M
California State Teachers Retirement System 0.00% Reduce -0.1% 29,594 $2.5M
State of Wisconsin Investment Board 0.01% Add +8.0% 27,379 $2.3M
Pallas Capital Advisors LLC 0.10% New 26,435 $2.2M
DekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale 0.00% No change 30,000 $2.2M
Schonfeld Strategic Advisors LLC 0.01% Reduce -69.0% 25,380 $2.1M
LPL Financial LLC 0.00% Add +47.9% 24,209 $2.0M
Schroder Investment Management Group 0.00% Reduce -58.6% 24,142 $2.0M
New York State Common Retirement Fund 0.00% Add +64.8% 22,491 $1.9M
Manufacturers Life Insurance Company, The 0.00% Reduce -1.4% 22,317 $1.9M
MetLife Investment Management, LLC 0.01% Add +5.8% 22,277 $1.9M
Atika Capital Management LLC 0.24% Reduce -61.4% 22,000 $1.9M
State of New Jersey Common Pension Fund D 0.01% Reduce -1.9% 21,990 $1.9M
Meridian Wealth Management, LLC 0.08% Add +0.7% 21,171 $1.8M
Knights of Columbus Asset Advisors LLC 0.12% Add +0.3% 20,937 $1.8M
MIRAE ASSET GLOBAL ETFS HOLDINGS Ltd. 0.00% Add +5.0% 20,921 $1.8M
Royal Bank of Canada 0.00% Add +33.7% 20,915 $1.8M
D. E. Shaw & Co. 0.00% Add +601.6% 20,346 $1.7M
ADAR1 Capital Management, LLC 0.35% Add +3176.8% 19,661 $1.7M
Wealth Enhancement Advisory Services, LLC 0.00% Reduce -0.9% 19,627 $1.7M
Russell Investments Group, Ltd. 0.00% Add +1815.0% 19,437 $1.6M
Susquehanna International Group, LLP 0.00% New 18,770 $1.6M
Cwm, LLC 0.01% Reduce -10.0% 18,705 $1.6M
Corebridge Financial, Inc. 0.01% Reduce -6.0% 18,305 $1.5M
Ameriprise Financial Inc. 0.00% Reduce -90.8% 18,238 $1.5M
Phocas Financial Corp. 0.20% Reduce -0.9% 17,546 $1.5M
Torray Investment Partners LLC 0.21% Add +45.3% 17,174 $1.5M
HighVista Strategies LLC 0.54% Reduce -58.8% 17,124 $1.4M
Dana Investment Advisors, Inc. 0.05% Reduce -6.7% 16,394 $1.4M
Synovus Financial Corp. 0.02% Add +1.8% 16,128 $1.4M
Intech Investment Management LLC 0.01% Add +46.5% 16,028 $1.4M
CIBC Private Wealth Group LLC 0.00% No change 16,214 $1.3M
Mariner, LLC 0.00% Add +13.8% 15,120 $1.3M
Ensign Peak Advisors, Inc 0.00% No change 14,565 $1.2M
Trexquant Investment LP 0.01% New 14,129 $1.2M
Janus Henderson Group PLC 0.00% No change 14,000 $1.2M
Janney Montgomery Scott LLC 0.00% Add +90.9% 13,745 $1.2M
Great Lakes Advisors, LLC 0.01% Reduce -19.3% 13,508 $1.1M
HighTower Advisors, LLC 0.00% New 13,460 $1.1M
Wesbanco Bank Inc. 0.04% No change 13,300 $1.1M
XTX Topco Ltd 0.09% New 13,151 $1.1M
Oak Ridge Investments LLC 0.09% Reduce -3.5% 12,945 $1.1M
Calamos Advisors LLC 0.01% New 12,808 $1.1M
ProShare Advisors LLC 0.00% Add +30.3% 12,664 $1.1M
Hudson Bay Capital Management LP 0.01% New 12,500 $1.1M
Creative Planning 0.00% Add +13.0% 12,267 $1.0M
Handelsbanken Fonder AB 0.00% Reduce -4.1% 11,800 $998K
Guggenheim Capital LLC 0.01% Reduce -13.2% 11,606 $982K
1492 Capital Management LLC 0.46% New 11,385 $963K
Erste Asset Management GmbH 0.01% No change 11,000 $954K
Wolverine Trading, LLC 0.02% Reduce -20.8% 11,122 $943K
Bridgefront Capital, LLC 0.30% New 10,555 $893K
China Universal Asset Management Co., Ltd. 0.08% Add +11.3% 10,276 $869K
Nicholas Investment Partners, LP 0.08% No change 10,135 $858K
Lion Street Advisors, LLC 0.26% Add +16.3% 9,599 $812K
Teachers Retirement System of the State of Kentucky 0.01% Reduce -18.3% 9,276 $785K
Teacher Retirement System of Texas 0.00% Add +19.4% 9,241 $782K
B. Metzler seel. Sohn & Co. AG 0.01% No change 9,241 $782K
State Board of Administration of Florida Retirement System 0.00% No change 9,082 $768K
Arizona State Retirement System 0.00% Add +1.8% 9,054 $766K
KLP Kapitalforvaltning As 0.00% — 8,800 $745K
Petrus Trust Company, LTA 0.07% New 8,764 $742K
OneDigital Investment Advisors LLC 0.01% Reduce -2.4% 8,528 $722K
D.A. Davidson & Co. 0.01% Add +0.9% 8,230 $696K
Police & Firemen's Retirement System of New Jersey 0.01% — 7,756 $656K
Moneco Advisors, LLC 0.07% Add +0.6% 7,513 $636K
Comerica Bank 0.00% Reduce -32.6% 7,374 $624K
Cetera Investment Advisers 0.00% Add +19.5% 7,109 $601K
Zurcher Kantonalbank (Zurich Cantonalbank) 0.00% Add +35.0% 7,016 $594K
American Century Companies Inc. 0.00% New 6,731 $570K
Engineers Gate Manager LP 0.01% Add +28.7% 6,690 $566K
Cynosure Group, LLC 0.08% Reduce -17.4% 6,547 $554K
Two Sigma Advisers, LP 0.00% Add +85.3% 6,300 $533K
Fox Run Management, L.L.C. 0.09% New 6,119 $518K
Allianz Asset Management GmbH 0.00% New 5,495 $465K
Henshaw Capital LLC 0.02% No change 5,481 $464K
Glenmede Trust Co. NA 0.00% Reduce -26.9% 5,466 $462K
Verition Fund Management LLC 0.00% New 5,348 $452K
PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. 0.00% Reduce -1.7% 5,339 $452K
Values First Advisors, Inc. 0.24% Reduce -19.8% 5,070 $429K
Yarbrough Capital, LLC 0.02% No change 5,054 $428K
Cerity Partners LLC 0.00% Add +32.0% 4,941 $419K
Tocqueville Asset Management L.P. 0.01% Reduce -2.9% 4,950 $419K
Victory Capital Management Inc. 0.00% Reduce -1.2% 4,900 $415K
Profund Advisors LLC 0.02% Reduce -13.0% 4,886 $413K
Pictet Asset Management Holding SA 0.00% Add +19.4% 4,678 $396K
Aigen Investment Management, LP 0.07% New 4,663 $395K
STRS Ohio 0.00% No change 4,600 $389K
Tower Research Capital LLC (TRC) 0.01% Add +612.3% 4,573 $387K
Pitcairn Co. 0.02% Add +3.4% 4,562 $386K
Superstring Capital Management LP 0.32% New 4,268 $361K
Millennium Management 0.00% Reduce -82.8% 4,246 $359K
Goodwin Investment Advisory 0.19% No change 4,241 $359K
PDT Partners, LLC 0.03% Reduce -64.2% 4,195 $355K
Canada Pension Plan Investment Board 0.00% New 4,100 $347K
Sherbrooke Park Advisers LLC 0.11% Add +21.9% 4,082 $345K
Seven Springs Wealth Group, LLC 0.13% New 4,005 $339K
Birchview Capital, LP 0.28% No change 4,000 $338K
Aries Wealth Management 0.09% No change 4,000 $338K
Mirador Capital Partners LP 0.06% No change 4,000 $338K
Farallon Capital Management, L.L.C. 0.00% No change 4,000 $338K
Ameritas Investment Partners, Inc. 0.01% Add +4.4% 3,852 $326K
Forbes J M & Co. LLP 0.03% No change 3,840 $325K
Point72 (DIFC) Ltd 0.03% New 3,778 $320K
Virtus Advisers, LLC 0.13% Reduce -18.4% 3,705 $313K
Assenagon Asset Management S.A. 0.00% Reduce -17.4% 3,701 $313K
Public Employees Retirement Association of Colorado 0.00% No change 3,704 $313K
Rafferty Asset Management, LLC 0.00% Reduce -22.5% 3,630 $307K
SG Americas Securities, LLC 0.00% Reduce -69.3% 3,552 $301K
Leonteq Securities AG 0.03% No change 3,538 $299K
Pathstone Holdings, LLC 0.00% Reduce -8.8% 3,506 $297K
Old North State Wealth Management, LLC 0.16% No change 3,450 $292K
Cibc World Markets Corp. 0.00% New 3,445 $291K
111 Capital 0.06% — 3,291 $278K
CANADA LIFE ASSURANCE Co 0.00% Reduce -7.1% 3,112 $263K
Flower City Capital 0.16% New 3,000 $254K
Captrust Financial Advisors 0.00% Reduce -48.4% 2,953 $250K
Prudential Financial Inc. 0.00% Reduce -1.0% 2,673 $249K
Simplex Trading, LLC 0.01% Reduce -81.2% 2,942 $248K
Corient Private Wealth LP 0.00% New 2,829 $239K
Intrust Bank NA 0.02% Add +6.9% 2,823 $239K
Xponance LLC 0.00% Add +11.6% 2,659 $225K
Signature Estate & Investment Advisors LLC 0.01% No change 2,632 $223K
Nomura Holdings Inc. 0.00% Reduce -72.1% 2,500 $212K
Tortoise Investment Management, LLC 0.02% No change 2,135 $181K
Walleye Capital LLC 0.00% Reduce -95.8% 1,963 $166K
Osaic Holdings, Inc. 0.00% Add +53.5% 2,510 $141K
Mirae Asset Global Investments Co., Ltd. 0.00% Reduce -7.0% 1,615 $140K
Clearstead Advisors, LLC 0.00% Add +3.8% 1,382 $117K
KBC Group NV 0.00% Add +40.5% 1,336 $113K
Amalgamated Bank 0.00% No change 1,252 $106K
Nisa Investment Advisors, LLC 0.00% Add +4.9% 1,073 $91K
GF Fund Management Co. LTD. 0.00% — 1,018 $86K
Aquatic Capital Management LLC 0.00% New 903 $76K
Sectoral Asset Management Inc. 0.05% New 820 $69K
R Squared Ltd 0.06% — 760 $64K
Quarry LP 0.01% Reduce -62.5% 750 $63K
Natixis 0.00% Reduce -16.0% 748 $63K
Assetmark, Inc. 0.00% New 611 $52K
Raiffeisen Bank International AG 0.00% — 600 $51K
Trust Co. of Vermont 0.00% No change 500 $42K
Key Financial Inc 0.01% No change 450 $38K
Armstrong Advisory Group, Inc. 0.00% No change 423 $36K
Northwestern Mutual Wealth Management Co. 0.00% Add +10.7% 382 $32K
Allworth Financial LP 0.00% No change 287 $29K
Washington Trust Advisors, Inc. 0.00% No change 330 $28K
Signaturefd, LLC 0.00% No change 329 $28K
Jones Financial Companies LLLP 0.00% Add +9.0% 304 $26K
MAI Capital Management 0.00% New 291 $25K
Huntington National Bank 0.00% Reduce -0.5% 214 $18K
Fifth Third Bancorp 0.00% No change 200 $17K
Smartleaf Asset Management LLC 0.00% Add +136.4% 182 $15K
EverSource Wealth Advisors, LLC 0.00% Add +48.3% 178 $15K
Daiwa Securities Group Inc. 0.00% Reduce -8.6% 160 $14K
Quadrant Capital Group LLC 0.00% No change 135 $11K
Transce3nd, LLC 0.00% — 134 $11K
Covestor Ltd 0.01% No change 127 $11K
Aster Capital Management (DIFC) Ltd 0.00% New 128 $11K
UMB Bank, n.a. 0.00% Reduce -9.9% 118 $10K
Blue Trust, Inc. 0.00% Add +50.7% 113 $10K
Global Retirement Partners, LLC 0.00% Reduce -24.7% 73 $6K
SBI Securities Co., Ltd. 0.00% — 59 $5K
GAMMA Investing LLC 0.00% Reduce -27.9% 57 $5K
Orion Capital Management LLC 0.00% New 50 $4K
Private Trust Co. NA 0.00% Add +28.9% 49 $4K
Farther Finance Advisors, LLC 0.00% No change 42 $4K
WPG Advisers, LLC 0.00% — 40 $3K
PSI Advisors, LLC 0.00% No change 40 $3K
Sterling Capital Management LLC 0.00% No change 37 $3K
Bessemer Group Inc. 0.00% No change 30 $3K
Rothschild Investment LLC 0.00% Reduce -12.5% 35 $3K
National Bank of Canada 0.00% New 31 $3K
Harbour Investments, Inc. 0.00% New 24 $2K
Geneos Wealth Management Inc. 0.00% No change 23 $2K
Brooklyn Investment Group 0.00% New 20 $2K
GPS Wealth Strategies Group, LLC 0.00% No change 18 $2K
Arax Advisory Partners 0.00% Add +63.6% 18 $2K
Bell Investment Advisors, Inc 0.00% No change 16 $1K
First Horizon Advisors, Inc. 0.00% No change 16 $1K
Cassady Schiller Wealth Management, LLC 0.00% New 15 $1K
Hexagon Capital Partners LLC 0.00% New 13 $1K
North Star Investment Management Corp. 0.00% No change 13 $1K
Parallel Advisors, LLC 0.00% No change 12 $1K
Physician Wealth Advisors, Inc. 0.00% New 10 $852
Wolff Wiese Magana LLC 0.00% No change 10 $847
True Wealth Design, LLC 0.00% New 10 $847
Principal Securities, Inc. 0.00% No change 8 $677
Cornerstone Planning Group LLC 0.00% New 5 $513
MassMutual Private Wealth & Trust, FSB 0.00% New 6 $508
Steward Partners Investment Advisory, LLC 0.00% New 4 $338

"% of holder's portfolio" is AXSM's weight in each manager's 13F, not the share of Axsome Therapeutics Inc. the manager owns.